Publications (index) - Knowledge Centre Data & Society

Face recognition and personal identification technologies in street surveillance cameras, law enforcement control. crowd of passers-by with graphic elements. Privacy and personal data protection,

From Policy to Practice: Prototyping the EU AI Act’s value chain requirement

This report provides a tool for understanding and applying the obligation to draft written agreements according to Article 25(4) AI Act. We share some findings on the first implementation of the obligation, as well as regarding the text and clarity of the provision.

03.07.2026

Report

Waving EU flags in front of European Commission in Brussels at sunset

(NL) Zes opmerkelijke passages uit de ontwerprichtsnoeren van de Europese Commissie voor de classificatie van AI-systemen met een hoog risico

Recent publiceerde de Europese Commissie een ontwerpversie van richtsnoeren voor de classificatie van AI-systemen met een hoog risico. In deze blog doen wij alvast een bloemlezing van enkele opmerkelijke passages uit de richtsnoeren.

15.06.2026

Blog

Professionals staan rond een tafel. Twee van hen wijzen naar grafieken op een papier, terwijl de twee anderen bezig zijn op hun gsm en laptop. Dit moet een situatie van een audit voorstellen.

The Flemish Supervisory Committee (VTC) VTC’s powers under scrutiny – the Council of State’s ruling on the VTC’s competence under the GDPR

On 31 March 2026, the Court of Cassation handed down a judgment in an appeal against a decision by the Flemish data protection authority (VTC) to impose corrective measures on a city and a Public Centre for Social Welfare  (OCMW). This appeal is significant because it addresses the VTC’s power to impose corrective measures, as well as its status as a supervisory body.

13.05.2026

Blog

(NL) AI-maturiteit in de werkcontext: van literatuur en experten tot eigen kaderwerk

Dit rapport brengt AI-maturiteit in kaart. AI-maturiteit kijkt naar het geheel van factoren die bepalen in welke mate een organisatie het gebruik van AI verantwoord integreert.

12.05.2026

Report

Bartosz kwitkowski SJ5 Tm RRSM1 U unsplash

brAInfood: From testing environment to sandbox

Experimenting with AI requires an organisational structure and sometimes a legal basis for temporary deviation from rules. In this brAInfood, we explore tools for experimentation, the legal context, and give some examples.

09.04.2026

brAInfood

Grok scandal – Are the European legal frameworks sufficiently equipped to handle the creation and dissemination of sexual deep fakes?

This blog post provides an overview of the current regulatory landscape relating to deepfakes with sexual content, highlighting the existing risks. It concludes with a summary of the next steps to be taken by the EU institutions in light of the recent incident.

05.03.2026

Blog

A laptopogram displaying a dataset as cloud-like clusters of black blobs on a neutral background. There are three larger collections, almost resembling a map, with some data points leaking out into the negative space.

Een laptopogram dat een dataset weergeeft als wolkachtige clusters van zwarte vlekken op een neutrale achtergrond. Er zijn drie grotere verzamelingen, die bijna op een kaart lijken, waarbij sommige datapunten in de negatieve ruimte uitsteken.

brAInfood: The Data Act in 5 questions

The EU Data Act requires companies to share certain data with consumers, other companies or public actors. To help you navigate this, we developed a tool that clarifies the Data Act in 5 questions. In this brAInfood, we explain these questions of the tool in more detail.

24.02.2026

brAInfood

Digital Omnibus on AI: a simplification that isn't?

On 19 November 2025, the European Commission proposed the Digital Omnibus, a series of amendments to simplify existing digital regulations. But is this really a simplification?

15.12.2025

Policy monitor

(NL) AI-geletterdheid in de werkcontext: bouwstenen, definities en meetkaders

Dit rapport focust op AI-geletterdheid, de kennis, vaardigheden en attitudes die individuen nodig hebben om AI op een effectieve, kritische en verantwoorde manier te begrijpen en te gebruiken.

10.12.2025

Report

Yutong Liu Digit Digital Nomads Across Time 2560x1440

The AI Act’s AI literacy obligation in 4 steps

How can you promote AI literacy in your organisation? With this practical tool, we explain Article 4 of the EU AI Act step by step. Use this tool to discover what AI literacy entails, what requirements apply and what the best practices are.

19.11.2025

Info sheet

European Commission – Apply AI Strategy

The Apply AI strategy is the EU's overarching sectoral strategy that complements the AI Continent Action Plan with concrete actions.

20.10.2025

Policy monitor

United States - Copyrights and AI: the case of Andrea Bartz, et al. versus Anthropic PBC

In June, the Northern District of California issued a summary judgment in the case Andrea Bartz, et al. v. Anthropic PBC in favor of Anthropic PBC (Anthropic), ruling that using (pirated) copies of books to train artificial intelligence software (specifically large language models) is not a violation of US copyright law.

14.10.2025

Policy monitor

NL: Een onderwaterfoto, genomen met uitzicht op een grote cirkelvormige school vissen terwijl de zon schittert in het blauwe water. De afbeelding is echter enigszins vervormd door digitale artefacten.

EN: An underwater photo taken looking up to a large circular school of fish while the sun sparkles in the blue water. However, the image is slightly distorted by digital artefacts.

Is compliance enough? Rethinking ethics in the age of the AI Act

With the arrival of the AI Act, the discussion about responsible AI seems to have shifted from ethics to compliance. What does this mean for the impact of AI, and how can ethics and law strengthen and support each other? On 23 September the ‘AI and ethics in practice’ learning community came together to reflect on these questions.

06.10.2025

Event report

Italy - Provisions and delegations to the Government on artificial intelligence

Italy is the first EU country that approved a national AI law that complements the EU AI Act

30.09.2025

Policy monitor

European Commission – AI Literacy Questions and Answers

Article 4 of the AI Act requires providers and deployers of AI systems to ensure a sufficient level of AI literacy of their staff and other persons dealing with AI systems on their behalf. The European Commission clarified this obligation through a Q&A.

12.08.2025

Policy monitor

European Commission - The General-Purpose AI Code of Practice

This document outlines key considerations for providers of general-purpose AI models (GPAI)

15.07.2025

Policy monitor

brAInfood: The EU AI Act in six steps

Navigating the complexities of the EU AI Act can be challenging. To help you, the Knowledge Centre Data & Society has created a tool that enables organisations to assess key points in the regulation.

10.06.2025

brAInfood

Italy - AI Bill approved by the Italian Senate

On 20 March 2025, the Italian Senate approved the AI Bill. The law builds on the EU AI Act and regulates AI systems in Italy.

07.05.2025

Policy monitor

US president Donald Trump (2025) signing an executive order in his office.

And so it begins… The TechReg Trade War: USA vs. World – time for some regulatory housekeeping!

With the memorandum ‘Defending American Companies and Innovators From Overseas Extortion and Unfair Fines and Penalties’, President Trump has officially sparked an international trade war relating to technology regulation. What does the document say and how should European policymakers react?

06.05.2025

Blog

The Netherlands – Design Proposal Dutch regulatory sandbox for the AI Act

The Dutch Authority for Digital Infrastructure proposes a design for the national AI regulatory sandbox in the Netherlands.

23.04.2025

Policy monitor

From Policy To Practice: Prototyping The EU AI Act’s Human Oversight Requirements

This report contains three prototypes of compliance documents that fulfil the requirement for human oversight from Article 14 of the EU AI Act.

27.03.2025

Report

European AI Office: guidelines on prohibited AI systems

On 4 February 2025, two days after the first batch of AI Act provisions became applicable – including the rules on prohibitions and AI literacy - the European AI Office published its Guidelines on prohibited AI systems.

04.03.2025

Policy monitor

European AI Office: guidelines on the AI system definition

The EU AI Office published guidelines regarding the definition of an 'AI system' in the EU AI Act.

04.03.2025

Policy monitor

South Korea - South Korean Basic AI Act

At the end of December 2024, South Korea published its Basic Act on the Development of Artificial Intelligence and the Establishment of Trust. South Korean lawmakers clearly took their cue from the EU AI Act, although there are also differences prompted by specific South Korean needs.

26.02.2025

Policy monitor

Netherlands - Dutch Authorities publish final advice on AI Authorities

In November 2024, the Dutch Authority for Digital Infrastructure (“Rijksdienst Digitale Infrastructuur”) and the Dutch Data Protection Authority (“Autoriteit Persoonsgegevens”) published their final joint advice on the supervision of AI systems under the AI Act in the Netherlands.

21.02.2025

Policy monitor

Person holding a piece of paper. A white banner with the Belgian flag is placed over the image, representing that this policy monitor item is about a development in Belgium.

Persoon houdt een stuk papier vast. Een witte banner met de Belgische vlag is over de afbeelding geplaatst, waarmee wordt aangegeven dat dit beleidsmonitor item over een ontwikkeling in België gaat.

Belgium - Federal Government Agreement 2025 - 2029

The Federal Coalition Agreement details the new federal government's plans to address critical challenges. This summary focuses on the themes of artificial intelligence (AI) and personal data.

18.02.2025

Policy monitor

Person holding a pile of papers. A white banner with the flag of Flanders is placed over the image, this reflects that this policy monitor item is about an administrative decision in Flanders.

Persoon houdt een stapel papieren vast. Een witte banner met de vlag van Vlaanderen is over het beeld geplaatst, dit geeft aan dat dit beleidsmonitor item over een administratieve beslissing in Vlaanderen gaat.

Belgium/Flanders - VTC vs. ANPR cameras

In a directive/warning, the Flemish Supervisory Commission (VTC) urges local authorities to handle the use of ANPR cameras with caution; look before you leap.

20.01.2025

Policy monitor

A woman is writing something on a piece of paper that is lying down on a table. There is another person next to her. The setting is professional. A white banner with the flag of the USA shows that this policy monitor item is about a development in the USA

Een vrouw schrijft iets op een stuk papier dat op een tafel ligt. Er staat nog iemand naast haar. De setting is professioneel. Een witte banner met de vlag van de VS laat zien dat dit beleidsmonitor item over een ontwikkeling in de VS gaat.

United States of America - Federal Trade Commission vs. AI: misleading marketing of AI and the harming of consumers

According to the American Federal Trade Commission (FTC), some AI system providers/sellers have gone too far by making bold claims about their system’s capabilities that they couldn’t back up. The FTC has already taken action against this.